Czasowniki złożone
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| answer back vi phrasal | informal (reply impudently) (potoczny) | odszczekiwać się zwr. ndk. |
| | Take your hands out of your pockets and don't answer back, young man! |
| back away vi phrasal | (retreat) | cofać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | cofnąć się zwr. dk. |
| | Back away from the cookies and no one gets hurt. |
| | He nodded vaguely, continuing to dodge and back away. |
| back down vi phrasal | (give in, yield) | ustępować ndk. |
| | | ustąpić dk. |
| | Despite the evidence, he refused to back down. |
| back off vi phrasal | (withdraw, retreat) | wycofywać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | wycofać się zwr. dk. |
| | The guys backed off when they saw the police coming. |
| back out vi phrasal | (withdraw involvement) | wycofywać ndk. |
| | | wycofać dk. |
| | At the last minute, the investors backed out. |
| back out of [sth] vi phrasal + prep | (promise: break) (z obietnicy) | wycofywać się z czegoś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | wycofać się z czegoś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
| | The couple buying our house backed out of the purchase at the last minute. |
| back out of doing [sth] vi phrasal + prep | (withdraw from) (odwołać, zrezygnować) | wycofywać się z czegoś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | wycofać się z czegoś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
| | Sue backed out of helping us paint the house. |
| back [sb] up vtr phrasal sep | (support) | wspierać kogoś ndk. |
| | | wesprzeć kogoś dk. |
| | Go ahead and tell the boss just what happened; I'll back you up on it. |
back [sth] up,
back up [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (vehicle: reverse) | wycofywać coś, cofać coś ndk. |
| | | wycofać coś, cofnąć coś dk. |
| | It's difficult to back up a truck when a trailer is attached. |
| back up vi phrasal | (water: accumulate) | wzbierać ndk. |
| | | wezbrać dk. |
| | Water has backed up into the toilet and the flush won't work. |
| be back vi phrasal | (have returned) | być z powrotem zwrot posił. |
| | I'm back from camp, did you miss me? |
beat [sth/sb] back,
beat back [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep | (push, repel) | odpierać ndk. |
| | | odeprzeć dk. |
| | We were able to beat back the flames before they reached the house. |
bite back [sth],
bite [sth] back vtr phrasal sep | figurative (suppress response) | powstrzymywać coś ndk. |
| | | powstrzymać coś dk. |
| | He bit back a groan. |
| bite back vi phrasal | figurative (respond sharply) | odgryzać się zwr. ndk. |
| bounce back vi phrasal | (email: be returned) | wracać ndk. |
| | | wrócić dk. |
| | My e-mail bounced back to me because I mistyped your address. |
| bring [sth] back vtr phrasal sep | (return with [sth]) | przywracać ndk. |
| | | przywrócić dk. |
| | Do you want me to bring back some snacks from the store? |
| bring [sth] back vtr phrasal sep | informal (reintroduce [sth]) | przywracać ndk. |
| | | przywrócić dk. |
| | The murderer's lenient sentence led to calls to bring back hanging. |
| bring [sth] back vtr phrasal sep | informal (make [sth] popular again) | przywracać ndk. |
| | | przywrócić dk. |
| | Designers in Paris have decided to bring back mini-skirts. |
bring [sth] back,
bring back [sth] vtr phrasal sep | figurative (past, memories: revive) | przywodzić na myśl zwrot ndk. |
| | | przypominać ndk. |
| | | przywoływać wspomnienia ndk. + n, l.mn. |
| | Listening to that song brings back happier days. |
| brush [sth] back vtr phrasal sep | (baseball) | zaczesywać ndk. |
| | | zaczesać dk. |
buy [sth] back,
buy back [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (seller: repurchase [sth] sold) | odkupywać ndk. |
| | | odkupić dk. |
| | Redeemable shares come with an agreement that the company can buy them back at a future date. |
| come back vi phrasal | (return) | wracać ndk. |
| | | wrócić dk. |
| | I came back from the office at about 6.30pm. |
| come back vi phrasal | (return to success) | wracać ndk. |
| | | wrócić dk. |
| | In 2013, the pop singer came back with a best-selling album. |
| come back to [sb] vi phrasal + prep | (return to memory) | wracać ndk. |
| | | wrócić dk. |
| | The name of the film suddenly came back to me. |
| come back with [sth] vi phrasal + prep | informal (retort) | wracać ndk. |
| | | wrócić dk. |
| | James wanted to come back with a witty retort, but couldn't think of one. |
| cut back on [sth] vi phrasal + prep | informal (reduce: to economize) | ograniczać coś ndk. |
| | | ograniczyć coś dk. |
| | Now that I am unemployed we are going to have to cut back on our spending. |
Formy złożone:
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| answer back vtr | (reply impudently to) | odpyskowywać ndk. |
| | | odpyskować dk. |
| | If she gets bossy, answer back. |
| answer back vtr | literal (reply to [sth]) | odpowiadać ndk. |
| | | odpowiedzieć dk. |
| | I haven't had an answer back to my job application. |
| arch of your back n | (curve of lower back) | wygięcie kręgosłupa w części lędźwiowej wyr. |
| | In this yoga pose, tuck your right arm behind the arch of your back. |
| arch your back v expr | (stretch over backwards) | wyginać plecy do tyłu zwrot ndk. |
| | | wygiąć plecy do tyłu zwrot dk. |
| | Please arch your back and take a deep breath. |
| as far back as prep | (long ago) | już w part. + przyim. |
| | As far back as Cleopatra's time, sugaring has been used as a hair removal technique. |
| | Już w czasach Kleopatry stosowano technikę usuwania włosów przy pomocy syropu z cukru. |
| as far back as prep | (from a point in the past) | aż part. |
| | These cave paintings are believed to date as far back as 17,000 years. |
| | Uważa się, że te malowidła jaskiniowe liczą sobie aż 17 tysięcy lat. |
| at the back adv | (in, towards the rear) | z tyłu przyim. + m |
| | We went to the cinema and sat at the back. |
| back and forth adv | (move: to and fro) | tam i z powrotem wyr. |
| | The little girl rocked back and forth on the swing. |
back and forth,
back-and-forth adj | (movement: to and fro) | tam i z powrotem wyr. |
| Uwaga: Hyphens are used when the term is an adjective. |
| | It is relaxing to sit on the beach and watch the back-and-forth motion of the waves. |
| back bench n | UK (junior members of Parliament, as a group) | tylna ława przym. + ż |
| back-bench n as adj | UK (Parliament: junior) | z tylnej ławy wyr. |
| back cover n | (book: rear outer part) | tylna okładka przym. + ż |
| | The back cover had a brief description of the story. |
| back door n | (building: rear door) | tylne drzwi przym.+ ż, l.mn. |
| | | tylne wejście przym. + n |
| | In this house the back door opens directly into the kitchen. |
| back end n | (rear part) | tylny koniec przym. + m |
| | | tylna część przym. + ż |
| | He cruelly likened her appearance to the back end of a bus! |
| back home adv | informal (in your town or country of origin) | ojczysty przym. |
| | Doris missed her life back home in Australia. |
| | Doris tęskniła za życiem w ojczystej Australii. |
| back home adv | (to your house again) | z powrotem do domu wyr. |
| | Steve drove us back home after the party. |
| back into [sth] vi + prep | (enter by reversing) | cofać w, wycofywać w ndk. + przyim. |
| | | cofnąć w, wycofać w dk. + przyim. |
| | Jeff looked into the rear-view mirror as he backed into the parking space. |
| back into vtr | (hit by reversing) | cofać w ndk. + przyim. |
| | | cofnąć w dk. + przyim. |
| | He wasn't paying attention and backed into the bollard. |
| back office n | (administrative department) | wydział administracyjny m + przym. |
| | All the staff from the back office are going to the pub – do you want to come? |
| back order n | (order for [sth] out of stock) | zamówienie n |
| | If your item is not in stock, the company will place a back order for you. |
| back pressure n | (force going against flow) | propagacja natłoku ż + m |
| | An obstruction in the water pipe was causing back pressure. |
| back road n | (not a main route) | boczna droga przym. + ż |
| | They got lost somewhere in the back roads of Devon. |
| back rub n | (massage) | masaż pleców m + ż, l.mn. |
| back then adv | (in those days) | wtedy przys. |
| | Back then most people didn't even have cell phones. |
| back to back adv | (with backs together) | plecami do siebie wyr. |
| | Stand back to back so I can see who is taller. |
back to back,
back-to-back adj | figurative (consecutive) | z rzędu wyr. |
| | | kolejno przys. |
| Uwaga: A hyphen is used when the adjective precedes the noun. |
| | The team was able to win back-to-back games for the first time in a month. |
| back to normal adv | (reverting to usual state) | z powrotem do normalności wyr. |
| | In television, at the end of an episode usually everything goes back to normal. |
| back to the drawing board adv | figurative, informal (starting over) | od początku przyim. + m |
back up,
backup vtr | (computing: make copies of) | zabezpieczać ndk. |
| | | zabezpieczyć dk. |
| | It is advisable to back up all the files on your computer regularly, in case of breakdown. |
back up,
backup vtr | (corroborate, confirm) | potwierdzać ndk. |
| | | potwierdzić dk. |
| | The accused man insisted that his wife would back up his story and give him an alibi. |
back up,
backup vtr | (vehicle: reverse) | cofać ndk. |
| | | cofnąć dk. |
| | It's difficult to back up a truck when a trailer is attached. |
| back when adv | (at a time in the past when) | wtedy kiedy przys. + przys. |
| | Back when I was a boy, there was no such thing as Nintendo Wii. |
back yard,
backyard (US),
back garden (UK) n | (rear garden) | ogród z tyłu domu wyr. |
| | They sit in the backyard and read all summer. |
| back yard n | UK (rear paved area) | podwórko n |
back yard,
backyard n | figurative (own vicinity) | najbliższa okolica przym. + ż |
| backyard n as adj | US (in rear garden) | ogrodowy przym. |
backcountry,
back-country,
back country n | (remote or undeveloped area) | oddalony teren przym. + m |
backflip,
back flip n | (backwards somersault) | przewrót w tył m + przyim. + m |
| | It takes strong abdominal muscles to perform a backflip. |
backseat,
back-seat n as adj | US, figurative (secondary, subordinate) | podległy, podporządkowany przym. |
backseat,
back seat adj | literal (in the seat at back of a vehicle) | tylny przym. |
backstreet,
back-street n as adj | figurative (clandestine or illegal) (potoczny, przenośny) | na czarno przyim. + przys. |
backtalk,
back talk,
back-talk vi | (make insolent retort) (potoczny) | pyskować ndk. |
| | | napyskować dk. |
backtalk [sb],
back-talk [sb]⇒ vtr | (make insolent retorts to [sb]) (potoczny) | pyskować ndk. |
| | | odpyskować dk. |
| | Don't you dare backtalk me, young lady! |
backup,
back-up n | (support) | wsparcie n |
| | | posiłki m, l.mn. |
| | When the policeman realized he couldn't handle the situation alone, he called for backup. |
backup,
back-up n | (duplicate copy) | kopia zapasowa ż + przym. |
| | This is a backup; the original copy is in the filing cabinet. |
backup,
back-up n | (accumulation) | masa ż |
| | | stos m |
| | There is a backup of paperwork that we need to file by the end of the day. |
backup,
back-up n | informal (traffic jam) | zator m |
| | There is a backup on the interstate just north of the city. |
backup,
back-up n as adj | (alternative) | zapasowy przym. |
| | I'm going to keep my old laptop as a backup computer just in case my new one breaks down. |
backup copy,
back-up copy n | (data: duplicate) | kopia zapasowa ż + przym. |
| | It's a good idea to make a backup copy of important documents. |
backup light,
back-up light (US),
reversing light (UK) n | usually plural (light when vehicle moves backward) | światło wsteczne, światło cofania n + przym. |
| be right back v expr | informal (return soon) | zaraz wracać |
| | | zaraz wrócić |
| | I'll be right back; I have to run over to the grocery store for some eggs. |
| bounce back vi | informal, figurative (recover quickly) | wracać do formy zwrot ndk. |
| | | wrócić do formy zwrot dk. |
| | He nearly died but he bounced back quickly. |
| bounce back vi | informal, figurative (show resilience) | powracać w formie zwrot ndk. |
| | | powrócić w formie zwrot dk. |
| | The company will bounce back from financial instability because its products are in demand. |
| bring [sb] back to life v expr | (resuscitate) | przywracać kogoś do życia zwrot ndk. |
| | | przywrócić kogoś do życia zwrot dk. |
| bring [sth] back to life v expr | figurative (reintroduce) (przenośny) | wskrzeszać ndk. |
| | (przenośny) | wskrzesić dk. |
| | The idea, once rejected, has been brought back to life by proponents. |
| bring back up vtr | (topic: raise again) | wracać do ndk. + przyim. |
| | | powracać do dk. + przyim. |
| bring back up vtr | informal (food: vomit, regurgitate) | zwracać ndk. |
| | | zwrócić dk. |
brush [sth] back,
brush back [sth] vtr + adv | (hair: comb back) | zaczesywać ndk. |
| | | zaczesać dk. |
| | Rachel brushed back her hair. |
buyback,
buy-back n | (act of repurchasing [sth] sold) | odkupienie n |
| call back vi + prep | (return a phone call) | oddzwaniać ndk. |
| | | oddzwonić dk. |
| | I'll call back when I can. |
| call back vtr | (return phone call of) | oddzwaniać ndk. |
| | | oddzwonić dk. |
| | I'll call her back later. |
callback number,
call-back number n | (phone number: for return call) | numer, pod który należy zadzwonić wyr. |
| | Someone from the insurance company called while you were out; I've written down their callback number here. |
cashback,
cash-back n | (immediate payment discount) (zwrot opłaty za transakcję) | moneyback m |
| | This credit card offers cashback on all supermarket spending. |
cashback,
cash-back n | (supermarket service) (wypłata gotówki w kasie) | usługa cashback ż + m |
| | The cashier asked Jill if she wanted cashback. |
center half,
center-half (US),
centre half,
centre-half,
centre back (UK) n | (soccer player) | środkowy obrońca przym. + m |
| | (slang) | stoper m |
chair back,
chairback n | (back rest on a chair) | oparcie krzesła n + m |
| | Proper posture requires sitting up straight against the chair back. |
| choke back tears v expr | (suppress grief) | wstrzymywać łzy ndk. + ż, l.mn. |
| | | wstrzymać łzy dk. + ż, l.mn. |
| | In a televised appeal for witnesses to come forward, the father of the murdered teenager was visibly choking back tears. |
| claw back vtr | (recover, recoup: a financial loss) | odbierać ndk. |
| | | odebrać dk. |
| | Considering its dismal sales figures and recent bankruptcy, General Motors will have to claw its way back to viability. |
| claw back vtr | (recover, regain: [sth] lost) | odzyskiwać ndk. |
| | | odzyskać dk. |
| come back to do [sth] v expr | (return in order to do [sth]) | wracać do czegoś ndk. + przyim. |
| | | wrócić do czegoś dk. + przyim. |
| | Ava left home at 18, but came back ten years later to care for her mother. |
| come back from the dead v expr | figurative (succeed again) | powracać ndk. |
| | | powrócić dk. |
| | In last place going into the final lap, the runner came back from the dead to win the race. |
| come back from the dead v | figurative (recover from serious illness) | wracać do świata żywych |
| | After the triple bypass he came back from the dead and now he is living an active life. |
cut back,
cutback vtr | (reduce: spending) | redukować ndk. |
| | | zredukować dk. |
| Uwaga: single-word form used when term is a noun |
| | Now that I am unemployed we are going to have to cut back on our spending. |
cutback,
cut-back n | (economizing) | redukowanie n |
| | How severe will the company's cutbacks be? |